On Target (May 1997)

Jefferson Lab Takes Nuclear Physics to a New Level

Deuteron Photodisintergration" Experiment
"Proton Propagation" and "Inclusive Electron Scattering"
"Kaon Electroproduction" Experiment

Eye on Safety: Industrial Hygienist Monitors Hazards

Making the Grade:

Science Education is Striving For Impact
Beams
High School Internships
Undergraduate Internships
Science Series

Crossing the Finish Line

Run-A-Round Results

Briefly...

The Teachers Are Coming!
Changing Guard In The Cafeteria
Administrative Reorganization
12th Annual HUGS At CEBAF
Parking Changes At VARC

Balancing Beam and Martial Arts

First Class Joab by First Class Contracting

Lab Celebrates Earth Day

News Flash


Jefferson Lab Takes Nuclear Physics to a New Level

Following four large, team-conducted experiments-the first to be executed at the new $600 million Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab)-physicists from across the country have begun laying the foundation for a definitive understanding of the atom's nucleus. Spokespersons for the four groundbreaking experiments will report scientific results Friday afternoon at a national physicists' meeting in Washington, D.C.

keith.gif The experiments focused on the infinitesimally small basic units of matter called quarks. Jefferson Lab exists to find out exactly how quarks make up the protons and neutrons that make up a nucleus. In scientific importance, a definitive quark-based understanding of the nucleus will match the understanding achieved since the 1930's of how a nucleus and electrons make up an atom.

Scientists cannot predict what future technologies might arise from such a new depth of understanding of the basic structure of matter. Previous levels of understanding gave rise to computers, lasers, and transistors, and to nuclear power and nuclear medicine. "Every time science has moved down to a smaller scale and achieved a new understanding-the molecule, the atom, the atom's nucleus-useful new technologies have eventually followed," said Jefferson Lab Director Hermann A. Grunder. "Now it's the quark's turn."

Paradoxically, the effort to understand the nuclei at this quark level of detail involves enormous complexity. So until last year, when Jefferson Lab came on-line, actual experiments for developing the understanding were difficult or even impossible to conduct.

The laboratory centers on the world's first large-scale superconducting electron accelerator-a complex assembly of high-tech hardware and electronics stretching through an underground tunnel almost a mile around. It is a research tool designed not so much to "smash" atoms as to dissect them. Its hair-width beams of electrons reach an energy of 4 billion electron volts. Its crucial new technological feature: the beams are continuous rather than intermittent.

member.gif Experimenters send accelerated beams through small targets, while house-sized arrays of electronic data-gathering equipment track, measure, and record what happens. Because Jefferson Lab's beams are continuous, experimenters can avoid "background noise"-unwanted, confusing signals in the electronic evidence they scrutinize. Instead, they can dissect nuclei with a scalpel-like precision unattainable in previous "atom smashers." University and national laboratory physicists nationwide and worldwide, working in large cooperative teams called collaborations, have been lining up since the late 1980's to conduct experiments at Jefferson Lab. A panel of internationally prominent physicists judges proposed experiments. Then the panel recommends how to allot precious "beam time" in the overall effort to achieve a definitive quark-based understanding of the nucleus.

"Deuteron Photodisintegration" Experiment

On Friday afternoon, Argonne National Laboratory's Dr. Haiyan Gao will present "Deuteron Photodisintegration: New Results from Jefferson Lab." As spokeswoman, she represents a collaboration of 80 scientists from 23 research institutions.

The deuteron is a simple nucleus consisting of just a proton and a neutron, each made up of three quarks. A deuteron's simplicity lets it be probed for useful data without too much complexity. At Jefferson Lab the probing is actually done with photons-particles of light-extracted from the electron beam. When a photon disintegrates a deuteron, all of the deuteron's quarks are temporarily forced into a cluster in which the original proton and neutron lose their individual identities: a state of pure quark matter. In 1968, at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center in California, deuterons were probed with high-energy electron beams that were intermittent. The result: proof that quarks exist. The 1990 Nobel Prize honored that historic achievement.

In 1996, at Jefferson Lab, deuterons were probed with photons from high-energy electron beams that were continuous. The result: a vivid and revealing "picture" of the deuteron's actual quark structure. In the highly mathematical and graphical way in which physicists "see" the subnuclear realm, this experiment reproduced the old 1968 picture, enlarged it, and clarified its details.

With the other early Jefferson Lab experiments, "Deuteron Photodisintegration" has shown that this new continuous-electron-beam research tool is indeed just right for the long-term task of understanding the nature of nuclear matter. And the detailed technical results have already begun to sharpen other experimenters' ongoing planning for follow-on investigations.

"Proton Propagation" and "Inclusive Electron Scattering" Experiments

Jefferson Lab's experimenters do not probe nuclei blindly. Instead, an elaborate, mathematics-based theory called QCD (short for quantum chromodynamics) now guides their work. QCD is analogous to QED (quantum electrodynamics), the theory that embodies the older understanding of the atom underlying most of today's technology. To build a definitive, quark-based understanding of nuclei will require testing and fully validating QCD.

But to test and validate QCD will require, as one step, an upcoming experiment at particularly high energy, where nuclei often behave in remarkably odd ways. And to interpret the upcoming experiment will require a "baseline" validation of the conventional methods used in predicting and interpreting what happens in the same experiment at lower energy. Dr. Rolf Ent of Jefferson Lab, representing a collaboration of 84 scientists from 22 institutions, will report on the recently completed baseline-establishing experiment, "Proton Propagation in Nuclei."

The experiment seems simple: an electron hits a target nucleus, knocks out a proton, and gets deflected. The electron's lost momentum ought to correspond with that gained by the knocked-out proton. But a proton, made of three quarks, interacts with the nucleus in exiting, undergoing deflections itself. Researchers are now establishing the needed baseline by checking how well the conventional methods predicted what actually happened. For the same kind of experiment at higher energy, QCD predicts something remarkable: the struck proton will collapse into a small cluster of quarks that exits the nucleus with no deflection at all. Interpretation of the higher-energy results will rely on the baseline made possible by the lower-energy "Proton Propagation" experiment. Accurate interpretation of the higher-energy results will contribute to proving QCD itself. The "Inclusive Scattering from Nuclei" experiment also helped prepare a baseline for interpreting deviations from conventional expectations that QCD predicts will appear at high energy. Dr. Brad Filippone of Caltech is spokesperson, representing a collaboration of 36 scientists from 10 institutions.

"Kaon Electroproduction" Experiment

Albert Einstein's famous equation E=mc2 means, in part, that energy can produce matter. Dr. Keith Baker will report on the higher-energy electron beam's "electroproduction" of an exotic form of matter: subnuclear particles called kaons ("kay-onz"). He represents a pair of collaborations totaling 96 scientists from 21 institutions. He also represents Hampton University, the first historically black university to lead an experiment at a national accelerator laboratory. The experiments observed the transfer of electron energy to clusters of three ordinary quarks-two "up" quarks and a "down", to call them by the whimsical names physicists use. As the deposited energy causes one of these quarks to be stretched away from its partners, two exotic new quarks pop into being: a "strange" quark and its antimatter opposite, an "antistrange" quark. Together, the antistrange quark and the stretched-away up quark form an easily detectable kaon. When detected in Jefferson Lab's precise new experimental environment, kaons yield vital new data about how quarks are made out of energy, and about how antimatter is produced.


EYE ON SAFTEY

Industrial Hygienist Monitors Hazards

Safety is incorporated into all Jefferson Lab work. It encompasses many areas-from hazard management to safety training. The Lab's safety professionals are charged with providing employees with the information necessary to work safely among the hazards at the Lab. For six years, Patty Hunt, Jefferson Lab's Industrial Hygienist, has worked with employees to bring about many safety enhancements. She works with a team of safety professionals in advising others on proper methods of handling chemicals, disposing of hazardous waste, laser safety, and teaching oxygen deficiency hazard safety training.

patty.gif Knowing how to properly handle chemicals requires the safety staff to have knowledge of every chemical that is at the Lab. "For example, Cyanide solutions can present significant safety hazards, because cyanide, when mixed with acid, will liberate poisonous hydrogen cyanide gas," explains Hunt. "We need to ensure that when hazardous chemicals like this are purchased, our staff has sufficient knowledge of the hazards and how to avoid them before use."

When a chemical comes to the Lab, it is accompanied by a Material Safety Data Sheet with specific instructions on handling, storage, and disposal of that chemical. Hunt and her team review each sheet and then instruct people working with the chemical on handling and storage. If information is not readily available, she uses the Lab's library, the internet, and an e-mail safety bulletin board, comprised of 2,000 members, for research. Hunt says the bulletin board is a great forum for advice.

In addition to chemical hazards, there are physical hazards at the Lab. Most, like radio frequency, are well controlled and handled by line management. However, some safety situations require identifying unusual hazards. "We recently had an interesting example concerning static magnetic fields in the machine shop. Two machinists had to work with small magnets that had very strong field strengths," explains Hunt. Small, strong magnets like these "are strongly attracted to each other and the machinists quickly found out that you don't want your fingers in the way of that attractive force," says Hunt. If the magnets came together accidently, the force would shatter, possibly causing eye injuries.

Hunt also serves as the Lab's Laser Safety Officer. She works with the Laser System Supervisors who develop and enforce the safety procedures associated with high power laser use on site. Noise exposure is another physical hazard that Hunt monitors. "High noise can cause permanent hearing loss. We routinely monitor high noise workers, like those who work in compressor rooms," says Hunt, who reminds workers in these areas and those using noisy power tools to wear ear plugs. Hunt also conducts safety training on oxygen deficiency hazards, and laser safety, and fills in for other trainers when needed. "You have to be on your toes when you work for safety," says Hunt. "I have to be flexible and I am expected to help facilitate and make sure people can do their jobs safely. If I tell someone they don't have the proper training to do a certain job, I have to provide them with that training as soon as I can. Our office is not here to put up road blocks."

Hunt's interest in science began when she earned a Bachelor's of Science degree in Biochemistry. She then worked with AIDS patients in a New York City hospital for three years. "It was a research and development program which involved monitoring blood ferritin and protein electrophoresis," says Hunt. "Overall, it was a hard environment to work in." Her husband's transfer later moved Hunt back to her hometown in New Jersey where she worked as an environmental specialist for the health department. She says the work was interesting, "You hear about people dropping toxic waste drums on the side of the road, well it definitely happened in New Jersey," says Hunt. She adds that finding illegal landfills was a common occurrence.

Hunt's experiences in New Jersey encouraged her to obtain a Master's degree in Occupational Health from Temple University in 1990. She then moved to Virginia and worked at NASA, which she says is "a large quantity generator of hazardous waste. In comparison, Jefferson Lab is relatively small and does not produce a lot of waste. We aim to keep it that way."

Although Jefferson Lab is a small quantity generator of hazardous waste, Hunt still feels challenged by the many other safety issues at the Lab. "There is so much information here and I am constantly being challenged," says Hunt. "I have the opportunity to be on the cutting edge of safety issues that I wouldn't get working for a more narrowly focused industry."

Questions concerning EH&S issues can be directed to any of the safety professionals at the Lab. Anyone interested in subscribing to the safety professionals' e-mail bulletin board should send an e-mail to Listserv@List.UVM.EDU. The body of the message should read "subscribe" and then include a name. For more information on the bulletin board, contact Patty Hunt at x7039.


MAKING THE GRADE: 

Science Education is striving for impact

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Making paper airplanes, playing with green slime, and riding bicycles sound more like recess than a math and science class. But for the fifth and sixth graders that participate in Jefferson Lab's Becoming Enthusiastic About Math and Science (BEAMS) program these activities are part of a typical class day.

If it were up to 11-year-old Mindy Delgado, she would spend all of her school time here at Jefferson Lab. "I don't like math or science at school, but I like this place. Here, special guests come in and teach us new stuff that we can do experiments with. If only school were always like this," said Delgado.

Year-round, Jefferson Lab provides motivational science programs for school-age children and for undergraduate college students. The Lab's Science Education Group coordinates hands-on science experiences through the BEAMS program, paid summer internships for high school and undergraduate college students, and the monthly Science Series, seminars aimed at the general public.

BEAMS

BEAMS is the largest motivational program offered to students by Jefferson Lab. Fifth and sixth grade classes come to the Lab for a week long experience during which they interact with staff members for various periods, participating in activities, seeing their offices, and learning about their jobs.

twobeams.gif "Each week, the children do between 12 and 14 hands-on activities led by a different staff person," says Janet Tyler, Science Education Manager. "We do this to open the children's eyes to different alternatives. Because we have so many people teaching the activities, the students experience many different learning styles." Tyler adds that Jefferson Lab's primary objective is to expose the children to the different careers, personalities, and backgrounds of the people at the Laboratory. "We have a good core of individuals who are really dedicated," said Lisa Surles, Education technician. "It's really special to see our staff get involved with the children and enjoy it. Some people are at first a little apprehensive about teaching the sessions, but once they get started on a few activities they know immediately whether they like it or not." Surles adds that people who are not comfortable with teaching the sessions are usually more comfortable working with the students as role models. "We have a component where we take the students to role models' offices for about 15 to 20 minutes. In that time the staff members talk about their careers and show the students the various projects that they may be working on," said Surles.

lisa.gif During the office visits the children get the chance to relate to the role model by asking questions. Many times the questions the children ask are not work-related, but are more of a personal nature. "The students ask a million and one questions like 'what's your favorite color?' and 'what's your favorite car?'," said Surles. "Although they do ask some questions about the Lab, I like to hear them ask the other questions. What the children are trying to do is relate to the person and see if they, as a child, are anything like that person. Then later on the child may think that they too could be a mechanical engineer because they like some of the same things that the engineer likes." Rae Lyn Dobson teaches fifth grade at Kraft Elementary School in Newport News, and says that she also enjoys visits to the Lab. "The students do a lot that backs up what we do in class. Although we start the physical science back in class, the students don't get to do nearly as many hands-on things as they can here. All the needed equipment is already here, where as we have a hard time getting those things back at the school," said Dobson.

In an effort to determine the impact of the BEAMS program on the students, the Education Group has extended the program to include seventh and eighth graders. According to Tyler, the seventh and eighth grade program will function as a type of check point. By interacting with the children at older ages the Education Group will be better able to judge the kinds of affects the program is having on them. For example, the group will be able to examine whether the children are doing better or worse on math and science assignments.

students.gif "We do a lot of surveys and evaluations of the program and the main thing we heard from teachers, students, parents, and administrators was that they wanted the program to go further than just one week," said Surles. The seventh and eighth graders will have two separate visits during the year; one visit will last two days and the other visit will last three days. At some point during their visits the older children will go to the fifth and sixth grade classes and act as mentors for the younger children. The extended BEAMS program will begin sometime next year. Surles says she keeps in contact with several of the students that have participated in the BEAMS program and has received very positive responses. "One week isn't going to change how a student likes math and science all together, but the program provides them with a positive experience. The more positive experiences a child has in a different setting, then the more positive the child will be about that subject or material as a whole," said Surles.

HIGH SCHOOL INTERNSHIPS

Once out of elementary and middle school, students have the opportunity to come to work at Jefferson Lab in the summer intern program, now in its fourth year. This summer 24 high school students will work in various areas around the site.

The level of competition for the internships is sometimes extremely high. This year the Lab received 153 applications for 20 positions (the other four positions go to science fair winners)."We selected some really bright students who are going to do some neat things in science," said Tyler. "We also selected some students that show the motivation but just need an extra glance at what we do here, so hopefully they will be motivated to focus more attention on their academic careers."

The interns must work in areas that are math and science oriented. For example, one student will be working with Michelle Shinn, Systems Manager for Optics for the FEL, on the installation of the hardware for the optical beam into the Free Electron Laser Facility (FEL).

"The student will be doing things like drilling holes and laying pipes. Most importantly this will give the student exposure to big science and show them that this is not the kind of thing that can take place in one day, or in one week, or even one month," said Shinn. A number of students who work at the Lab as interns in high school decide to major in math and science in college.

"Sometimes you wonder how many of the students were already planning to major in math and science and we just reinforced the decision, and how many students decided to major in math and science based on their experience here at the Lab. Either way they're majoring in math and science and I feel we have a part in that, and I think that's remarkable," said Surles.

UNDERGRADUATE INTERNSHIPS

The program for undergraduate college students which was formally called the CEBAF Outstanding Undergraduate Physics Researchship (COUPR) Program, has been renamed the Jefferson Lab Undergraduate Physics Researchship (Jefferson Lab UPR Program). "We have eight undergraduate students from all over the country at the Lab," said Tyler. "They began June 2, and they are here for almost 13 weeks." The graduate students work strictly with the Physics Division. They report to the Hall Leaders, and work on experiments being run during their stay. The Lab pays for the students' travel expenses, and provides them with housing in the Residence Facility and a stipend of $320 a week.

SCIENCE SERIES

Although the Education Group focuses most of their attention on students, the Science Series is one program aimed at people of all ages. The Science Series takes place once a month in the CEBAF Center auditorium. Anyone who wants to learn about the different fields in science is welcome to attend. The free event is televised on Newport News Channel 6 three times a day. "The series is the public's window into Jefferson Lab," says Tyler. "We try to talk about different topics in physics, not just the particle physics we do here at the Lab. For example, right now we're in the process of finding someone to speak on the physics behind music." "We're government funded and it's good for the community to see how its money is being spent. As a part of this community we are dedicated to sharing and explaining the science that takes place here," said Tyler. "What we do at Jefferson Lab is further education. If we don't pass that education on, then there will be a void in our entire purpose."


runnerCROSSING THE FINISH LINE

April 30, 1997 was a perfect spring day and Jefferson Lab employees celebrated in style at the annual Run-A-Round, sponsored by the Jefferson Activities Group (JAG). Participants and volunteers enjoyed clear blue skies and cool breezes, as well as good food and drink. The event began with 297 people participating in the Run-A-Round race on a new course this year, followed by the relay race. A Bratwurst and Barley cook-out was the perfect setting for the race award ceremony, the unveiling of the new Jefferson Lab T-shirt, and the golf cart parade. The winning T-shirt was designed by the User Liaison Office and the golf cart parade was won by the Accelerator Division's "Pirates of the Accelerator" staring Kelly Mahoney, Kelly Hanifan, Will Oren, and Jim Parkinson. This year's top male and female race winners were Elton Smith with a time of 7:07 and Elizabeth Lawson with a time of 9 minutes. Smith took the title for the third time in as many years. Congratulations to all of the winners and thanks to the JAG and the many volunteers who made this event possible.

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RUN-A-ROUND RESULTS

Overall Male: Elton Smith, Physics-7:07
 
Overall Female: Elizabeth Lawson, Administration-9:00
 
Relay Race
Winning Team:

 
Matthew Bickley, Accelerator
Marie Keesee, Accelerator
Steve Suhring, Accelerator
Walter Akers, Accelerator
Men 12-29:
1st Alexander Deur, Physics-7:51
2nd Laurent Eyraud, Physics-8:52
3rd Erik Brazzale, Administration-8:57
Men 30-39:
1st Matthew Bickley, Accelerator-7:12
2nd Jerry E. Stokes, Administration-7:42
3rd Andrew Weisenberger, Physics-7:52
   
Men 40-49:
   
1st John Lerose, Physics-8:01
2nd Walter Tuzel, Physics-8:42
3rd John Chamberlin, Accelerator-9:26
   
Men 50-59:
   
1st Jim Coleman, Administration-8:55
2nd James Clark, Physics-8:55
3rd Carter Ficklen, Director's Office-11:11
   
Men 60+:
   
1st Tom Hassler, Accelerator-9:31
2nd Frank Humphry, Accelerator-11:55
3rd George Biallas, Accelerator-12:32
   
Women 12-29:
   
1st Kisha Parrish, Administration-12:55
2nd Deborah Hyman, Director's Office-13:41
3rd Jennifer Williams, Physics-15:31
   
Women 30-39:
   
1st Marie Keesee, Accelerator-11:13
2nd Donna Blankenship, Physics-13:04
3rd Sandra Philpott, Physics-13:11
   
Women 40-49:
   
1st Sandra Prior, Director's Office-9:44
2nd Nanette Phillips, Administration-10:46
3rd Lorraine Mahone, Administration-13:03
   
Women 50-59:
   
1st Merle Rivas, Administration-17:53
2nd Marti Bennett, Physics-20:34
3rd Sandy Holmes, Administration-20:39
   
Women 60+:
   
1st Betty Beeler, Director's Office-22:03
2nd Anne Stewart, Administration-25:11
   
Best Overall
Guest:
Claude Marchand-7:17
   
Director's Award: Physics Division
   
Spirit Award: Director's Office

    BRIEFLY...

    THE TEACHERS ARE COMING!

    A new summer program for high school science teachers is in the works at Jefferson Lab. As an initiative of the National Science Foundation, the Research Experience and Curriculum Enhancement for Teachers (RECET) program is a collaboration among Jefferson Lab, the University of Virginia (UVA), the Science Museum of Virginia, and Virginia Tech. The seven-week program immerses teachers in science experiments and applications being conducted at one of the facilities. Five weeks are spent at either Jefferson Lab, UVA, the Science Museum of Virginia, or Virginia Tech where the teachers work with a mentor in developing and conducting a project. The final two weeks of the program are spent at UVA for follow-up and presentations of their project. Designed as a two year course, the participants can earn 16 credits towards a Master's Degree in Education from UVA and are paid a stipend of $60 a day.

    CHANGING GUARD IN THE CAFETERIA

    Eurest Dining Services is Jefferson Lab's new food services subcontractor. The award came as the result of an extensive evaluation process, and included input from an employee survey last February. The Eurest contract, which began on Monday, June 2, includes responsibility for cafeteria, vending, and catering services. Already, Eurest has begun implementing new menus and recipes, and plans additional changes to improve services and traffic flow. A grand opening celebration will be scheduled once everything is up and running smoothly.

    ADMINISTRATIVE REORGANIZATION

    As of the end of May, Jefferson Lab has consolidated its Finance and Procurement Departments into a new "Business Services Department" that will be managed by Mark Waite, as Director of Business Services. Waite, former Director of Procurement, will head the new department comprised of five groups that will provide accounting, procurement, payroll, travel, and technology transfer services for the Laboratory. Consolidation of the two departments will allow the Lab to enhance service to customers and also provide greater opportunities for further streamlining administrative functions.

    12TH ANNUAL HUGS AT CEBAF

    The Hampton University Graduate Studies (HUGS) at the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) is running its twelfth annual program at Jefferson Lab from June 1 to June 20. HUGS at CEBAF is a summer school in which second and third year physics graduate students attend daily lectures and seminars given by internationally renowned physicists. Each student is required to document at least one lecture for presentation in the HUGS at CEBAF Proceedings. Students receive one to six transferable credit hours from Hampton University, and daily transportation from the university's campus to the Jefferson Lab site. HUGS at CEBAF is funded through grant support from the Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation.

    PARKING CHANGES AT VARC

    Due to the construction of the Applied Research Center, the road and the parking lot on the north side of the VARC building are being realigned. Beginning June 10, the road around the north side of the VARC is closed for two or three months. The north side parking lot is lost until work is completed. Parking is available behind the VARC building and in front of Trailer City. Persons parking near the VARC and in the Trailer City lot have to come behind the VARC using caution and being aware of vehicles and pedestrians. Any questions should be directed to Tom Dunn at ext. 7589.


    BALANCING BEAM AND MARTIAL ARTS

    From Senegal to France to America, Paul Gueye has studied and excelled in all three of these countries in not only physics, but also in several forms of martial arts. The Hampton University Post Doctorate student's most recent achievement is winning the Virginia State Championship for Tae Kwon Do, the Korean art of self defense. Amazingly Gueye has only studied the art form for one year.

    paul.gif A demanding schedule at the Lab often makes it difficult for Gueye to find time to train, but Gueye says, "Where there's a will, there's a way." Gueye trains for an hour every morning before he leaves home, and whenever he finds himself with a spare hour or two during the day, he uses that time to train as well.

    While at Jefferson Lab Gueye monitors the beam in Hall C. "I'm sort of the beam guy in Hall C," said Gueye. "I watch beam energy, beam emission, beam position and beam profile."

    Gueye studied Tae Kwon Do as a means of maintaining the level of skill he had acquired from years of training in Judo and Vovinam Viet Vo Dao. Gueye, who began studying martial arts at the age of 12 in Senegal, West Africa, says he never questioned learning the skill because most of his family members were active in some type of sport.

    After gaining a black belt, the highest level in Judo, Gueye went on to learn Viet Vo Dao, which originated in Viet Nam. According to Gueye, he wanted to learn a fighting form that did not involve a large amount of grabbing. In Judo, a person must be extremely close to their opponent in order to carry out the grabbing and throwing movements that are central to the particular form of fighting.

    "If you're in a situation where someone comes at you using kicks, you can't get close to them. In such a situation the Judo skills would not be much of an asset," said Gueye. "I chose Viet Vo Dao because it uses several techniques that are similar to those used in Judo, but the use of kicks and weapons are incorporated into the fighting form."

    Gueye continued his study of Viet Vo Dao for nine years, up until the point that he came to the United States. While at graduate school in France, Gueye achieved a second degree black belt in the sport and won the 1994 European Viet Vo Dao Championship held in Italy.

    Gueye said that when he came to the United States he searched for a school where he could continue his training in Viet Vo Dao but could not find one, so he began looking into other forms of martial arts.

    "I was looking for something specific, something beyond just the fighting. My schools in Senegal and France had a great sense of family spirit, I wanted to find that again. Martial arts is martial, which means warlike, but there is an art inside of it. There must be a philosophy and some spirituality behind the fighting," said Gueye.

    The school Gueye was looking for was the Tae Kwon Do Center Inc., in Newport News. Although difficult in the beginning, Gueye was able to adapt his Viet Vo Dao techniques to the techniques used in Tae Kwon Do. Gueye has since accelerated through the program quickly, which he attributes to having already mastered many of the techniques that are basic to some forms of martial arts. Gueye now has a purple belt in Tae Kwon Do, which is only three belts away from a black belt.

    Gueye's next endeavor is to pass his knowledge on to others by Viet Vo Dao. "I would like to open a Viet Vo Dao school here in Virginia. I've already talked to my master [the word used for instructor in martial arts] in France, Tran Nguyen Dao, and he is willing to come here with several experts to do a demonstration for the opening of the classes," said Gueye. Gueye will tentatively start holding free classes for students of all ages on Hampton University's campus and somewhere near Jefferson Lab in October of this year. Students would only be responsible for the cost of their uniforms and for any equipment they may use. "I'm not in it for the money," said Gueye. "All I need is a room, I don't care about the rest. I'll train my students for free."

    The philosophy that Gueye wants to teach his students is that, "When you learn the skill of Viet Vo Dao you learn to have balance in your life, which is the most important thing."


    FIRST CLASS JOB BY FIRST CLASS CONTRACTING

    dean.gif First Class Contracting has done it again. For the fourth time in as many years, the company won Jefferson Lab's Outstanding Small Business Subcontractor Award. In a ceremony held on April 21, 1997, First Class Contracting owner Butch Hudgins was presented with the award for his excellent service to the Lab.

    During the past year, Hudgin's business has performed 82 jobs at the Lab, including fixing tunnel penetration leaks, installing equipment, and painting. "Nobody would say these jobs are major in terms of individual dollar value, but they are certainly important," said Tom Dunn, Plant Engineering Director. "Butch keeps winning this award because he does good work and is dependable."

    When presenting the award, Jefferson Lab Director Hermann Grunder commented that Hudgins was like family and that "we expect quite a bit from our family." Grunder congratulated Hudgins for "having done a steady flow of wonderful work."

    The winner of the award is determined by a selection committee that rates each finalist on customer service, performance rating, and the magnitude and complexity of the type of work done at the Lab.


    LAB CELEBRATES EARTH DAY

    The Jefferson Lab Waste Minimization & Pollution Prevention (WMin/P2) Team sponsored the first Jefferson Lab Earth Day Trash Pick-up on Friday, April 25. Seventeen volunteers grouped into five teams and dedicated their lunch hours to cleaning up trash around the site.

    The goal of the event was two-fold. The team wanted to commemorate Earth Day, and to make employees more aware of the Laboratory's on-going recycling and waste minimization and pollution prevention activities. Each team was assigned a trash pick-up zone, and received a short safety briefing before venturing off into ditches, roaming the roadsides, and traipsing along tree lines all over the site in search of trash and debris. "We are always trying to improve our site recycling programs and our waste minimization and pollution prevention activities," said Linda Even, Site Environmental Engineer. "We hope to make celebrating Earth Day an annual affair at Jefferson Lab."

    Lunch was provided by the Jefferson Activities Group (JAG) after the Trash Pick-up on the CEBAF Center patio. Door prizes, also provided by JAG and the Director's Office, added to the fun during lunch. "The JAG strongly supports the proactive activities at the Lab, like the Earth Day Trash Pick-up," said Eric Woodworth, Chair of JAG. "We feel this is a great way for people of similar interests yet diverse backgrounds to meet and break the communication barrier that comes with the diverse cultures that are present at national labs." Prizes went out to the team that brought in the most unique trash. Bill Williams, Training and Development Manager, won a CEBAF necktie for bringing in part of a Julie Andrews Christmas Album, and his teammates Sarah Spata and Mike Spata, both from the Accelerator Division, received polo shirts for their equally unique finds.

    "I'm very concerned about the environment," said Williams. "If there's anything I can do to help protect it, I want to take part. It also gave me an opportunity to do something for the Lab." Other winners included Steve Clark, Kevin Crossett, Jean-Claude Denard, Eric Hanson, Patty Hunt, and Tom Jeffords.


    NEWS FLASH

    Continuous wave beam to all three experimental halls simultaneously was achieved for the first time on Monday, May 19, 1997 at 3:22 a.m. After many tries, Hall C received three pass beam (100 µA at 2445 MeV), Hall B received five pass beam (~70 nA at 4045 MeV), and Hall A received one pass beam (10 µA at 845 MeV). This is the first time two experiments have been run simultaneously, E94-018 in Hall C and E89-003 in Hall A; the latter being the first experiment in Hall A. Hall B commissioning also began in earnest, and will continue through the summer.

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