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Fire Protection Manual |
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Chapter 1 Site-specific
Requirements |
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1.0
Purpose
The design,
operation, and maintenance of fire protection systems is governed by applicable
industry codes and standards (principally from the National Fire Protection
Association [NFPA]), as modified by Department of Energy (DOE) fire safety
criteria and Highly Protected Risk (HPR) status, or the best protected class of
industrial risks. The purpose of this chapter is to delineate specific design and operational
requirements, observed by TJNAF, that may be open for interpretation within these
standard requirements.
2.0
Scope
The following requirements, which do not replace building or local
construction code requisites, are incorporated into design planning. Where
applicable, the more restrictive requirement is used.
Design
Criteria for Construction of New Facilities
2.1
Underground
Water Distribution Piping (reference: Facility Management [FM]
Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheet 3-10)
·
Water Supply Mains
NFPA 24, Standard for the
Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their Appurtenances, is the
applicable NFPA standard for design and installation of water supply mains.
·
Adequacy
The
water supply should be designed to meet the following combined demands for a
period of not less than two hours.
o
largest single fire
suppression system
o
500 gallons per minute
(gpm) for fire hose streams, and
o uninterruptable domestic and process demands
·
Reliability
The water supply and
distribution system should be designed to prevent a single failure from causing
the system to fail to meet its demand. Design features should include looped
and gridded distribution piping with sectional valves.
·
Pipe Size
The minimum pipe size is 8-inch ductile iron
pipe (AWWA C151, Pressure Class 350); larger pipe is used to meet hydraulic
calculations.
·
Arrangement
A looped main arrangement is used where
more than three services (hydrants plus risers) are anticipated or when the
main will exceed 300 feet. The looped main is taped off the existing private 12‑inch
DIP main that traverses the site.
·
Underground gate valves
are installed in the looped main to allow isolation of the water system. No
more than five services are isolated at any time.
·
A post indicator valve
assembly with a gate valve is used at the underground main for every incoming fire
line to a building.
·
Dry barrel fire hydrants
conforming to the City of Newport News standard, are used. Each hydrant is furnished
with 3 nozzles with National (American) fire hose coupling screw thread. There
are 2 1/2 -inch hose nozzles placed 180 degrees apart, and one 4-inch pumper
nozzle.
·
Hydrant spacing
provides 300 feet of hose line access to every window and door opening of a
building. There should be a minimum of two hydrants
per building and branch piping between the water main and a hydrant should not
be greater than 300 feet.
·
Hydrants are located
no closer than 40 feet to buildings.
·
The incoming fire line
passing through a foundation wall or floor slab on grade are installed with the
minimum 1-inch to 3-inch radial clearance around the pipe and the clear space
filled with asphalt mastic or similar flexible waterproofing material.
2.2
Building
Construction
·
New facilities
(non–relocatable) exceeding 5,000 ft2 of floor area must be of Type I
or Type II construction, as defined in applicable building codes.
· Roof
coverings shall be Class A per ASTM E108, Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof
Coverings, or Underwriters Laboratories (UL) 790, Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof Coverings. Metal deck
roof systems shall meet the requirements of Class I construction as defined in
FM Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheets 1-28R, Roof Systems, and 1-31, Metal Roof Systems.
2.3
Building
Services
Transformers installed inside
buildings shall be of a dry type, with no combustible dielectric fluids.
Outside transformers shall be located and protected in accordance with FM
Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheet 5-4, Transformers.
2.4
Building
Fire Suppression
·
Automatic sprinkler systems
NFPA 13, Standard for the
Installation of Sprinkler Systems, is the applicable NFPA standard for
design and installation of automatic sprinkler systems.
·
Sprinkler flow requirements are
hydraulically calculated
Hydraulically designed
sprinkler systems shall be designed for a supply pressure of at least 10
percent, but not less than 10 pounds per square inch (psi), below the water
supply curve to provide a pressure margin to accommodate minor system
modifications or degradation of the water supply and sprinkler systems that may
occur over time.
·
Industrial occupancies,
other than in experimental areas, have a minimum sprinkler design density of
Ordinary Hazard Group 2 with a 1500 ft2 area of sprinkler operation.
·
Industrial occupancies in experimental
areas have a minimum sprinkler design density
of Ordinary Hazard Group 2 with a 3000 ft2 area of sprinkler
operation.
·
All other occupancies
have a minimum sprinkler design density of Ordinary Hazard Group 1 with a 1500
ft2 area of sprinkler operation.
·
Double interlock
pre-action sprinkler systems are installed using galvanized steel pipe.
2.5
Building
Fire Detection
·
NFPA 72, National
Fire Alarm and Signaling Code, is the applicable NFPA standard for design,
installation, and maintenance of fire detection and alarm systems
·
Buildings are designed with fire
detection systems that comply with the use group requirements.
·
Fire alarm control panels are compatible
with the Siemens Network Command Center.
·
A building’s fire alarm system
includes emergency voice and/or alarm communication.
·
Underground and experimental areas include
Very Early Smoke Detection Apparatus (VESDA) in addition to the minimum fire code
required initiating appliances.
2.6
Building
Life Safety
10
C.F.R. Part 851 provides requirements for worker safety including life safety
from fire. NFPA 101 is the applicable NFPA code for life safety from fire per
Appendix A, Section 2 of 10 C.F.R. Part 851. Additional means of egress
requirements may be provided within the applicable building code per Appendix
A, Section 2 of 10 C.F.R. Part 851; if any conflicts exist, Section 2.2.6 of
this Standard, addresses resolutions. Performance-based designs, in accordance
with NFPA 101, may be applied to support equivalency requests in which strict
compliance is not practical.
3.0
References
·
DOE
Standard 1066-2016, Fire Protection
· NFPA
Codes and Standards (current editions)
·
International Building Codes (current
Virginia Acceptance)
Refer to ES&H Manual Chapter 2410, Hazard Issues and
Contractual Commitments for additional applicable
references and requirements.
4.0
Revision History
|
rev |
summary |
date |
|
0.4 |
triennial
review; updated references (3.0); new revision summary/history format (4.0); made
general edits and format (fixed bullets, e.g.) updates |
04.15.2022 |
|
0.3 |
periodic
review – no changes necessary per TPOC |
01.03.2019 |
|
periodic
review; updated
TPOC from D.Kausch to T.Minga |
06.02.2016 |
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0.2 |
Added fire hydrant hose thread
specification for clarity under paragraph 2.1.1 |
02.10.2015 |
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0.1 |
periodic
review; clarified and added requirements for design planning |
09.17.2013 |
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ISSUING AUTHORITY |
AUTHOR |
APPROVAL DATE |
NEXT REVIEW DATE |
rev |
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Fire Protection Department |
04.15.2022 |
04.15.2025 |
0.4 |
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