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TITLE: |
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DOCUMENT ID: |
6210
Electrical Safety Manual- Electrical Safe Work
Practices |
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1.0
Purpose
The purpose of this Electrical Safe Work Practices Manual
is to establish minimum requirements for identifying and controlling electrical
hazards to prevent fatalities and injuries from working on or around hazardous
electrical energy, and to establish Jefferson National Laboratory (JLab)
site-specific electrical safe work practices that meet regulatory requirements
and match the types of hazards found on site.
The Electrical Safe Work Practices is not just a document,
but it is part of the series of Electrical Safety manuals that are combined
with the application of applicable National Codes and Standards and Integrated
Safety Management (ISM) to electrical hazards for work on or around electrical
equipment.
a. All
electrical facilities and equipment must be installed, operated, and maintained
in a safe manner.
b. All work
involving electrical energy must be performed in a safe manner.
c. The primary
safe work practice is to establish an electrically safe work condition prior to
performing the work.
d. Employees,
visitors, and users who are not named on Jefferson Lab’s approved Qualified
Electrical Worker (QEW) list, maintained by the Electrical Authority Having
Jurisdiction (EAHJ), are prohibited from performing electrical or electronics
work requiring qualification.
e. Employees
visitors, and users who are not on the approved QEW list are only authorized to
operate electrical and electronics equipment within manufactures instructions,
posted signs and placards, and Jefferson Lab training or instructions. In
addition, persons who are not on the approved QEW list may only operate
switches where there is no marked shock or arc flash hazard warning.
|
NOTE: Any Jefferson Lab employee, subcontractor, or user who
performs work on Class 2 or higher electrical or electronics equipment must
be a Qualified Electrical Worker (QEW). Only a QEW may perform a zero energy
and zero voltage check to verify equipment is in an electrically safe
condition prior to maintenance or repair by others. |
Work is
defined as building, servicing, maintaining, testing, and repairing electrical
or electronics equipment.
Class 2 or
higher electrical or electronics equipment is all equipment designed to operate
at ≥50V and any equipment designed to operate at <50V with >50 amps.
Supervisors, team leaders, and managers are responsible for
overseeing workers, visitors, and users under their supervision to enforce this
requirement. Employees that knowingly violate the QEW requirement are subject
to disciplinary action. Visitors and users who knowingly violate the QEW
requirement are subject to loss of site access privileges.
All subcontractors must provide evidence that each worker
performing work that requires qualification is trained to the NFPA 70E (2015
Edition) Article 110.3 requirements.
2.0
Scope
This document establishes the institutional requirements
and electrical safe work practices at Jefferson Lab for both QEWs and non-QEWs.
It includes electrical work practices, maintenance requirements, training, and
installation requirements for facilities distribution and premises wiring,
utility distribution, and commercial and Research and Development
(R&D)-type equipment.
These safe work practices are being driven by:
NFPA 70, National Electric Code (NEC), 2017 Edition
NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace,
2015 Edition
OSHA 29 CFR 1910 and 1926
DOE-HDBK-1092-2013, DOE Electrical Safety Handbook, 2013
Edition
IEEE C2, National Electrical Safety Code (NESC), 2017
Edition
3.0
Electrical Hazards
3.1
Electrical shock and
the effects on the human body
3.1.1
Body Resistance
The level of current passing through the
human body is directly related to the resistance of its path through the body. (NIOSH 98-131)
3.1.1.1 Under dry conditions, the resistance offered by the human body may be as high as 10,000 ohms (Ω).
3.1.1.2 Wet or broken skin may drop the body’s resistance to 1,000 ohms (Ω).
3.1.1.3 High-voltage electrical energy can quickly break down human skin, reducing the resistance to 500 ohms (Ω).
3.1.1.4 Voltages over 600VAC can rupture human skin, greatly reducing the resistance of the human body, allowing more current to flow and causing greater damage to internal organs.
3.3.1
Types of electrical
burns
Burns are the most common shock-related
injury. Electrical burns are some of the most serious burns and require
immediate medical attention. They occur when electric current flows through
tissues or bone, generating heat that causes tissue damage. (OSHA 29
CFP 1910)
3.2.1.1 True Electrical Burn- caused when electricity enters the body, often through the person’s hand, and exits the body where there is a clear exit wound. The electricity can travel to the person’s heart, with deadly results.
3.2.1.2 Arc Burn- result from high temperature caused by an electric arc or explosion near the body.
3.2.1.3 Flash Burn- occurs when electrical contact causes electrical arcs on the skin. These burns do not often penetrate the skin but can cause burns to large areas of the body.
3.2.1.4 Thermal/Flame Contact Burn- caused when the skin touched hot surfaces of overheated electric conductors, conduits, or other energized equipment. Thermal burns also can be caused when clothing catches on fire, as may occur when an electric arc is produced.
3.3.2
Delayed effects
These are symptoms of a shock that are not initially
diagnosed or treated and can take hours, days or weeks to appear. Shock victims
may experience symptoms but may not realize the connection between latent
symptoms and the shock they may have had.
· Severe burns (internal and external)
· Cardiac arrest and/or arrythmia and/or fibrillation of the heart (may not happen right away)
· Shortness of breath
· Difficult breathing
· Respiratory failure
· Chest pain
· Paralysis
· Heart muscle damage
· Brain injury
· Speech problems
· Nerve damage
· Memory loss
· Hearing loss
· Vision problems
· Seizures
· Spine injury (injuries to the neck and back that occur when the electrical charge physically and forcefully throws a victim)
· Deformity at the point of contact
· Cataracts
· Loss of kidney function
· Confusion
· Secondary injuries caused by post-shock falls
· Numbness or tingling
· Headaches
· Confusion
· Loss of consciousness
· Muscle pain
· Swelling of limbs due to muscle damage (this is call Compartment Syndrome)
· Broken/fractured bones
· Death
|
Current |
Reaction |
|
Below 1 milliampere |
Generally, not perceptible |
|
1 milliampere |
Faint tingle |
|
5 milliamperes |
Slight shock felt; not painful but disturbing. Average
individual can let go. Strong involuntary reactions can lead to other
injuries. |
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6–25 milliamperes (women) |
Painful shock, loss of muscular control* |
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9–30 milliamperes (men) |
The freezing current or “let-go" range. * Individual cannot
let go, but can be thrown away from the circuit if extensor muscles are
stimulated. |
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50–150 milliamperes |
Extreme pain, respiratory arrest, severe muscular contractions.
Death is possible. |
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1,000–4,300 milliamperes |
Rhythmic pumping action of the heart ceases. Muscular
contraction and nerve damage occur; death likely. |
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10,000 milliamperes |
Cardiac arrest, severe burns; death probable |
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* If the extensor muscles are excited by
the shock, the person may be thrown away from the power source. |
|
3.3.3
Battery Hazards (NFPA
70E, Article 320, 2015 Edition)
3.3.3.1 Chemical burns from acid (Use proper personal protective equipment (PPE))
a. Leakage of the battery
b. Adding or removing electrolytic liquids
3.3.3.2 Electrical Shock (remove jewelry and other conductive materials)
3.3.3.3 Arc Flash Hazard
a. Adhere is posted signs and labels
3.3.3.4 Exposed battery terminals during a fall or trip hazard can cause serious harm to workers
3.3.3.5 Over changing batteries or over heating batteries can cause explosions. This can severely injure a worker or others in the area
3.3.3.6 Explosive gases- do not smoking in the area of batteries or be near a heat source
3.3.3.7 Do not allow tools to fall across both battery terminals. This can produce a shock or arc flash hazard.
3.3.4
Radio Frequency (RF)
and Microwave (MW) Hazards
RF fields are frequencies above 10 GHz at power densities
over 1000 W/m2. Microwaves fields above 300 MHz at 1 meter. (NIOSH and OSHA 29
CFR 1910)
·
Gamma (X-Ray)
radiation can damage tissue and the DNA in genes.
·
Alpha
radiation can cause serious health issues id ingested or inhaled.
·
Beta radiation
can cause internal and external burns and are most hazardous when inhaled or
swallowed.
·
Neutron
radiation causes the most radiation damage and will cause a person to become
radioactive. It can cause cells in the body to stop functioning or reproducing
causing significant bodily damage. They especially cause damage to eyes.
· Exposure to very high RF intensities can result in heating of biological tissue and an increase body temperature. These can result in internal and external burns.
· High RF can cause cancer.
· RF radiation can cause sterilization, especially to males.
· RF can interfere with implanted electronic devices such as a pacemaker.
· Extreme RF radiation can cause eye damage, headaches, paresthesia, diarrhea, malaise, lassitude, and sometimes death.
· Microwave radiation can cause very painful burns.
· Microwave radiation can significantly harm the eyes and eventually cause cataracts.
· Large amounts of microwave radiation can cause brain injury.
3.3.5
Other Electrical Hazards
· Arc hazard zones
· Incorrect PPE
· Fires due to faulty wiring
· Exposed electrical parts
· Ignition of fires or explosions due to electrical contact with potentially flammable or explosive materials
· Inadequate wiring
· Improper grounding, sometimes caused by workers deliberately removing the ground pin on an electric plug to fit a two-prong extension cord
· Not following posted signs
· Not following written procedures (i.e. Lockout/Tagout [LOTO])
· Damaged wire insulation, causing electrical conductors to make contact with each other, tools, or a worker’s body
· Overloaded circuits
· Wet conditions
·
Not a qualified
worker/not properly trained
·
Equipment damage
·
Human damage due to
equipment failures down the line
4.0
Equipment Class and
Mode
4.1
Equipment Class based
on Voltage
4.2
Equipment Mode based
on setup
4.2.1
MODE 1- De-energized Equipment
a.
All work conducted with the
equipment completely deenergized and in an electrically safe condition. Locked
out in accordance with ES&H Manual Chapter 6110 Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) Program
b.
Any stored energy is dissipated and any grounding has been applied.
4.2.2
MODE 2- Non-Manipulative
Diagnostics on Energized Equipment
a.
Troubleshooting, measurements,
and diagnosis on or near energized conductors. Voltage testing (zero voltage
checks) as part of LOTO when a Voltage
Verification Unit (VVU) is not available.
b.
Protective barriers or covers
are removed from energized components for access to equipment for the purpose
of making circuit alterations; and/or Personnel Protection Interlocks (on doors
or covers) bypassed during powered operations to allow access to components for
installation, removal, modification or repair of components.
4.2.3
MODE 3- Manipulative Operations
on Energized Equipment
a.
Equipment is energized while
circuit configuration is changed.
b. Protective barriers or covers are removed from energized components
for access to equipment for the purpose of making circuit alterations; and/or
Personnel Protection Interlocks (on doors and covers) bypassed during powered
operations to allow access to components for installation, removal,
modification, or repair of components.
Electrical
Work Hazard Classes and Restrictions
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Work involving the primary circuit
in electronic equipment must conform to the requirements outlined in ES&H
Manual 6200 |
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Class 1 ** |
Voltage* |
Current
capacity |
Hazard |
Remarks |
|
|
≤ 50 Vac or 60Vdc |
≤ 50 A |
Low |
Low voltage,
low power, low to medium current |
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> 50 Vac or 60Vdc |
≤ 5 mA |
High voltage, very low current |
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Mode
1 |
A qualified person may work alone. |
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Mode
2 |
A qualified person may work alone |
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Mode
3 |
If exposed voltages are less than 50 volts AC or
60 volts DC (differential or to ground), a qualified person can work
alone. If greater than 50 volts AC or 60 volts DC, a qualified
worker must be in the presence of another individual who can provide or
summon assistance. |
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Class 2 ** *** |
Any of these |
Voltage* |
Current capacity |
Hazard |
Remarks |
|
≤ 50 Vac or 60Vdc |
> 50 A |
Medium |
Low voltage, high current |
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50 Vac or 60Vdc <V≤
250Vac or
250Vdc |
> 5 mA |
Medium to high voltage and low/high current |
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> 250 Vac or 250Vdc |
I ≤ 500 VA/V |
high voltage, medium current |
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>50 Vac or 60Vdc > 10 Joules |
Medium to high energy stored |
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Mode
1 |
A qualified person may work alone. |
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Mode
2 |
At least two qualified persons are
required. They must be in continuous sight and sound
communication. A work control document approved
by the AD and specifying PPE and shock/arc flash
boundaries is required. |
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Mode
3 |
A work control document (e.g., SOP or OSP) must be used to describe how
the work is to be accomplished safely. An Energized Electrical
Work Permit (EEWP) justifying why the work must be performed energized must
be completed and approved by the Laboratory Director. The work supervisor
must sign the procedure and provide direct supervision for the work. |
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Class 3 ** *** |
Voltage* |
Current capacity |
Hazard |
Remarks |
|
|
>250 Vac or 250 Vdc |
I > 500 VA/V |
High |
DANGER – high voltage, high current |
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Mode
1 |
A qualified person may work alone. |
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Mode
2 |
At least two qualified persons are required. They
must be in continuous sight and sound communication. A work control document approved
by the AD and specifying PPE and shock/arc flash
boundaries is required. |
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Mode
3 |
A work control document (e.g., SOP or OSP) must be used to describe how
the work is to be accomplished safely. An Energized Electrical
Work Permit (EEWP) justifying why the work must be performed energized must be
completed. The work procedure and permit must be approved by the
Laboratory Director for each occurrence of the work. The work
supervisor must sign the procedure and provide direct supervision for the
work. |
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* Voltage is line-to-ground or line-to-line,
whichever is higher. ** Class is determined by the highest voltage
or current to which personnel may be exposed during servicing operations *** Require the worker to complete a Job
Briefing checklist and work briefing prior to completing work. |
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5.0
Two-Person rule for
Electrical Work
(OSHA 29 CFR 1910, DOE-HDBK-1092-2013, and NFPA 70E-2015 Edition)
5.1
Purpose
5.1.1
Crews of at least two (2) people
are required so that one person can provide first aid or CPR to the other
person, if needed. For field work involving more than two (2) workers, at least
two (2) trained persons shall be available.
These requirements apply to voltages above 50V.
5.1.2 Required in situations where a worker is potentially exposed to contact lines or equipment that is energized.
5.1.3
In manholes, vaults, and other confined or
enclosed spaces, especially underground. A second person MUST always be
available and trained in CPR and first aid and be located above ground when a
worker is underground.
5.2
Initial Response (ES&H
Manual 6800 T2 Injuries and Illness Requiring First Aid or Emergency Medical
Response)
5.2.1 If possible, turn off energy source for shock victims. Try to remove the victim with a not conductive cane, rope, or piece of wood.
5.2.2 Call Occupational Medicine (x7539) or 9-911 for help. Notify Security (x5822) of the incident and location. Be prepare to give information about the incident, the person’s name, and any other medical information (if they are conscious).
5.2.3 Provide first aid or CPR, as necessary until medical personnel arrive. Use PPE for bloodborne hazards or infection hazards. DO NOT attempt to move someone who is unconscious.
5.2.4 At fixed work locations, a sufficient number of workers must be trained so that an electrical shock victim is not more than four (4) minutes from a first aid/CPR trained worker.
5.2.5 There must be a pre-job briefing for plans on what to do in case of emergency. This should cover the hazards associated with the job, work procedures involved, special precautions, energy-source controls, and PPE requirements.
5.3
First Aid/Cardiopulmonary
Resuscitation (CPR)- (OSHA 29
CFR 1910)
5.3.1
Provide CPR and first
aid in necessary situations.
5.3.2
In order to work on
electrical equipment, an employee MUST be training in First Aid and CPR within
three (3) months of hire.
6.0
Roles and
Responsibilities
NOTE: Management authority may be delegated
to a Jefferson Lab qualified individual at the discretion of the responsible
manager
6.1
Qualified Electrical
Worker (QEW)
6.1.1 Ensure training is maintained and current. Refer to the Qualified Electrical Worker training requirements.
6.1.2 Ensure energized work, other than diagnostics, is authorized by a signed Energized Electrical Work Permit (EEWP) approved by the Laboratory Director
6.1.3 De-conflict work with potentially impacted divisions/groups. Use online work scheduling tools.
6.1.4
Prior to commencement
of work:
6.1.4.1
Perform an informal task
hazard analysis to determine equipment Class/Mode.
a. Ensure work is performed at the
lowest energized state commensurate with accomplishing the task.
6.1.4.2
Receive authorization
from your supervisor to begin work
a. Ensure that all medium and
high-risk work (identified as Mode 2 and above on Class 2 or Class 3 equipment)
follows an approved, current Work Control Document.
b.
Ensure each Mode 3 task on Class 2
or Class 3
equipment is authorized under an EEWP, approved by the
Laboratory Director before beginning work.
6.1.4.3 PPE requirements and
responsibilities
a.
Understand the types of PPE to be worn and when to wear it
b.
Look at the label on the front of the electrical panel or
equipment that is being worked on to determine which PPE is appropriate for the
job. If you are not sure or there is no label, consult your supervisor or EAHJ to
help determine which PPE is correct to wear for the job.
Explanation of PPE When Switching Equipment
(NFPA 70E Table 130.5(C)
|
Task |
Equipment Condition |
Arc Flash PPE Required |
|
Normal Operation of a circuit breaker
(CB) switch, contractor, or starter |
All of the following: ·
The equipment is properly installed ·
The equipment is properly maintained ·
All equipment doors are closed and secured ·
There is no evidence of impending failure |
No |
|
One or more of the following: ·
The equipment is not properly installed ·
The equipment is not properly maintained ·
Equipment covers are off or not secured ·
There is evidence of impending failure |
Yes |
Classes of Arc Flash PPE (*AR=Arc Rated)
1.
Category 1
·
AR long sleeve shirt and pants or AR coveralls
·
AR face shield or flash suit hood
·
AR jacket, parka, or rain wear (as needed)
·
Heavy-duty Leather Gloves
·
Hat liner (as needed)
·
Hard hat
·
Safety glasses or safety goggles
·
Hearing protection with inserts
·
Leather safety shoes, if needed
2. Category 2
·
AR long sleeve shirt and AR pants or AR coveralls
·
AR flash suit hood or AR Balaclava with AR face shied
·
AR jacket, parka, or rain wear (as needed)
·
Heavy-duty Leather Gloves
·
Hat liner (as needed)
·
Hard hat
·
Safety glasses or safety goggles
·
Hearing protection with inserts
·
Leather
safety shoes
3. Category 3
·
AR
long sleeve shirt
·
AR
pants
·
AR
coveralls
·
AR
suit jacket and/or AR suit pants
·
AR
flash suit hood
·
AR
jacket, parka, or rain wear (as needed)
·
AR
glove set (rubber insert with leather over the top)
·
Hat
liner (as needed)
·
Hard
hat
·
Safety
glasses or safety goggles
·
Hearing
protection with inserts
·
Leather
safety shoes
4. Category 4
·
AR long sleeve shirt
·
AR pants
·
AR coveralls, AR suit jacket and/or AR suit pants
·
AR flash suit hood
·
AR jacket, parka, or rain wear (as needed)
·
AR glove set (rubber insert with leather over the top)
·
Hat liner (as needed)
·
Hard hat
·
Safety glasses or safety goggles
·
Hearing protection with inserts
·
Leather safety shoes
|
|
c.
Dispose of PPE that fails inspection, in accordance with training.
d.
Ensure proper PPE is identified,
available, in good repair and is used.
e.
Maintain current PPE training and medical monitoring with
Occupational Medicine (i.e. fit test, medically fit to perform work or wear
certain PPE), as required.
f.
Ensure assigned PPE fits properly and is appropriate for the task.
Report ill-fitting, non-compliant equipment to your supervisor.
g.
Maintain and store PPE in accordance with manufacturer
instructions and training.
h.
Inspect PPE prior to use, check for:
·
Cleanliness
·
Wear
·
Defects
6.1.5
Set-up appropriate shock
boundaries.
6.1.5.1 Limited Approach Boundary
a. Be alert at all times when you are working within the limited approach boundary of energized electrical conductors or circuit parts operating at 50V or more and in work situations when electrical hazards might exist.
b. Do not blind reach into boundary areas.
6.1.5.2 Arc Flash Boundaries
a. The arc flash boundary shall be permitted to be determined by NFPA 70E (2015 Edition), Table 130.4(D)(a) for Limited Approach Boundaries dealing with DC or NFPA 70E (2015 Edition), Table 130.4(D)(b) for Limited Approach Boundaries dealing with AC.
b. Where the arc flash boundary is greater than the limited approach boundary, barricades shall not be placed closer than the arc flash boundary.
6.1.5.3 Restricted Approach Boundary
a. A QEW must be insulated from energized electrical conductors or circuit parts operating at 50V or more.
b. Insulating gloves or insulating gloves with sleeves are considered insulation only with regard to the energized parts upon which the work is being performed.
c. Additional PPE will be required when in boundaries where a QEW may make contact with exposed energized components. See NFPA 70E (2015 Edition) 130.4, 130.7(C)(14), and 130.2 through 130.7.
6.1.5.4 Barriers, attendants, signs, and tags
a. Safety signs, safety symbols, or accident prevention tags shall be used where necessary to warn employees about electrical hazards that might endanger them.
b. Signs and tags shall meet the requirements of ANSI Z535, Series of Standards for Safety Signs and Tags. This information can also be found in NFPA 70E (2015 Edition), Table 130.7(E)(1) and Table 130.7(F).
c. Barricades shall be used in conjunction with safety signs where it is necessary to prevent or limit an employee access to work areas containing energized conductors or circuit parts.
d. Conductive barriers shall not be used in areas where it might increase the likelihood of exposure to an electrical hazard.
e. Barricades should not be placed no closer to the approach boundary given in NFPA 70E, Table 130.7(D)(2) and Table 130.7(E)(2).
f. If signs and barricades do not provide sufficient warning and protection from electrical hazards, an attendant shall be stationed to warn and protect employees.
g. The primary duty of attendants is to stay alert and not be distracted or performing another job. An attendant provides signaling and alerting to keep unqualified persons from entering the area where they can be exposed to electrical hazards. The attendant shall remain in the area as long as there is a potential for employees to be exposed to electrical hazards.
h. If there is an emergency, it is the job of the attendant to make sure that the victim receives proper help. In the case of an electrical shock, turn off breakers and/or use a non-conductive device such as a piece of wood, rope, or a wooden cane to remove someone from a power source, then seek help. Seek help for all other injuries. Do NOT move a victim with a back or neck injury.
6.2 QEW Supervisor/Technical
Representative (TR)/Sponsor
6.2.1 Verify work planning documents are current and approved.
6.2.2
Verify training of assigned workers (Minimally
trained to the same, or higher, level of those they supervise.)
6.2.3
Conduct pre-job brief
with work team
6.2.1.1
Coordinate outages and alert
potentially affected parties of the work to be performed and its probable
duration. The preferred notification system is the web-based Utility Outage Management System.
6.2.1.2
Ensure only Qualified Alternating Current (AC)
Electrical Equipment Worker are assigned to AC electrical
equipment work and their training level is consistent with the minimum
requirements for the work to be performed
6.2.1.3
Conduct briefings on (see section
5.0)
a.
Work hazards of Risk Code 2 or greater
b.
Procedures
c.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (see Section 4.0.a.4.c for what PPE is needed-
dependent on job being performed)
·
Category 1
·
Category 2
·
Category 3
·
Category 4
d.
Control of hazardous energy sources
e.
Any special precautions associated
with planned work
6.2.1.4
Ensure only qualified and trained
personnel are assigned to electrical
equipment work and the training level is consistent with the
minimum requirements for the equipment Class and work Mode.
6.2.1.5
Ensure only Qualified AC Electrical Worker are assigned to AC electrical equipment work and their training
level is consistent with the minimum requirements for the work to be performed
6.2.1.6
Line supervisors are trained as
qualified workers at the same level, or above, as those they supervise. The
should have Supervisory QEW training.
6.2.1.7
Review and recommend for approval
all EEWPs and Work Control Documents for work on Class 2 and Class 3 electronic equipment to be performed by department workers.
6.3
Equipment Subject Matter
Expert (SME)
6.3.1 These individuals work with particular systems or processes daily and understand the operating procedures and hazards completely. They may provide SMEs for training relevant to these systems to those that may need training (i.e. QEWs)..
6.3.2 Some areas, systems, or equipment are so specialized that only one or two people at the Lab have the credentials to fully understand the hazards associated with them. These people are, by default, the SMEs for these areas, systems, and equipment.
6.3.3 Coordinate work with potentially affected parties. Assist the supervisor when utilizing online scheduling tools for de-conflicting work efforts.
6.3.4 Assist the supervisor to ensure only qualified electrical workers are assigned to the task.
6.3.5
Conduct briefings
when appropriate
6.3.6 Work Control Documents
6.3.6.1 Support the development
of Operational Safety Procedures (OSPs) and other work control documents to ensure
hazard mitigation techniques are adequate prior to review. Work Control
Documents include Operational Safety Procedure (OSP), Standard
Operating Procedures (SOP), Temporary Operational Safety
Procedure (TSOP), and Task Hazard Analysis (THA).
6.3.6.2 Determine if additional
review is required. (i.e.: an OSP is written because work activities cannot be
conducted in a manner consistent with current ES&H Manual requirements; or
to provide mitigation for a new/anticipated/previously unrecognized hazard issue.)
6.4
Department Manager
6.4.1
Training to be Completed
6.4.1.1
Ensure training of Electrical
Equipment Supervisors is current for safety requirements and to appropriate
electrical code requirements.
6.4.1.2
Ensure training of TRs is current
for safety requirements and to appropriate electrical code requirements.
6.4.1.3 Authorizes
work start by qualified individuals with the
requisite training and experience
6.4.2
Proper PPE
6.4.2.1 ESH will ensure PPE vendors used by Jefferson Lab meet safety performance requirements (i.e., ANSI, NIOSH, etc.).
6.4.2.2 ESH will ensure approved vendors of required prescription safety glasses and safety shoes are made available to employees as necessary.
6.4.2.3 ESH will provide training to employees who are required to use PPE.
6.4.2.4 ESH and Occupational Medicine will ensure employees who require PPE receive appropriate medical monitoring.
6.4.2.5 Supervisors will ensure workers use and maintain PPE correctly.
6.4.3
Work
Control Document
6.4.3.1 Review and, if acceptable, approve OSPs involving areas or individuals under your authority. Ensure all hazard issues associated with the work have been addressed.
6.4.3.2 Work Control Documents include OSP, SOP, TSOP, and THA.
6.4.4 Conducts a meeting before the start of work with workers where task hazards and controls are discussed
6.5
Electrical Safety
Program Manager
6.5.1
Training
6.5.1.1 Provide and maintain training for Electrical Qualified persons and provides training update
6.5.1.2 Advises Supervisors/Managers/Directors on what training is required, if contractor training is equivalent or needed, and provides on-the-job training, as needed
6.5.2
Approve Work Control
Documents
6.5.2.1 Provide the Document
Owner with an OSP serial number.
6.5.2.2 Record the serial
number, author, appropriate expiration date, and content in the Jefferson Lab
authorized electronic filing system.
6.5.2.3 Register the Document
Owner and Division Safety Officer (DSO) to the document.
6.5.2.4 Maintains a record of
all active and expired OSPs.
6.5.2.5 Ensures electronic
files are accessible and current.
6.5.2.6 Initiates ES&H Manual Chapter 1300
Content Review Process for activities that cannot be conducted in a manner consistent
with ES&H manual requirements as written; or introduce a
new/anticipated/previously unrecognized hazard.
6.5.2.7 Work Control Documents
include OSP, SOP, TSOP, and THA
NOTE: Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) for Complex and Group will need an OSP.
6.5.3
PPE
6.5.3.1 Provide support to recommend PPE for hazards.
6.5.3.2 Inform supervisors of
any deficiencies in the suitability, use, and/or maintenance of PPE observed
during walk-throughs and provide guidance for correction.
6.5.3.3 Provide support for PPE
training.
6.5.4
Energized
Electrical Work Permit (EEWP)
6.5.4.1 Review EEWP to verify that all requirements have been met before forwarding to Associate Director/Division Manager (of group requesting the EEWP).
6.6 Director/Associate Director/Division Manager
6.6.1
Work Control Documents
6.6.1.1 Approve all Work Control Documents (e.g., OSPs, TOSPs, etc.) for Mode 2, Class 2
or Class 3 work
6.6.1.2 Review and, if
acceptable, approve all OSPs involving areas or individuals under your
authority.
6.6.1.3 Verify the unmitigated
and mitigated risk codes assigned using the associated THA.
6.6.1.4 If appropriate,
personally inspect the relevant area with the document owner and the supervisor
prior to approval.
6.6.1.5 Determine if additional
review is required. (i.e. Document is written because work activities
cannot be conducted in a manner consistent with current ES&H Manual
requirements; or to provide mitigation for a new/anticipated/previously
unrecognized hazard issue.)
6.6.1.6 Approve or justify need
for revision/re-submittal.
6.6.1.7 LOTO OSPs are valid for
1 year and subject to an audit. All other OSPs are valid for 3 years.
TSOPs expire after 90 days.
6.6.2
EEWP
6.6.2.1 Review and recommend for approval of EEWPs for Mode 3 work on
Class 2 or Class 3 electrical
equipment performed by department/division qualified
workers.
6.6.2.2 Review EEWP to verify that all requirements have been met before forwarding to Laboratory Director.
6.6.3
Director (AD)
ES&H
6.6.3.2 Provides continuous improvement recommendations to advance electrical safety practices and training.
6.6.3.3 Promotes the uniform application of safe electrical work practices throughout all laboratory division.
6.7
Laboratory Director
6.7.1
Approve all EEWPs for Mode 3, Class
2 or Class 3 work on electrical
equipment.
7.0
Pre-Job Briefings
7.1
QEW
7.1.1
Understand work scope and safety requirements.
7.1.2
Ensure appropriate training and the qualifications for assigned
work is current.
7.1.3
Prepare and submit work plans, which include completing a Job
Briefing checklist, hazard identification and mitigation requirements, and
conducting a job briefing with all employees involved.
7.1.4
Follow approved work plan as developed.
7.1.5
If the work will carry over multiple work shifts, there shall be a
face-to-face briefing and the off-going shift will hang the job briefing
checklist in a conspicuous location at the work site.
7.1.6
Stop work if required when the work deviates from work plan.
Revise the work plan including changes in safety requirements as necessary. Get
approval as necessary for revised work plan.
7.1.7
Provide feedback on work completed for lessons learned.
7.2
Supervisor/Technical
Representative (TR)/Sponsor
7.2.1
Assign work to qualified and trained personnel.
7.2.2
Prepare, review, approve, and communicate work plans.
7.2.3
Ensure all necessary Work Control Documents are in place and
current.
7.2.4
Provide work oversight as necessary.
7.3
Hazard Avoidance and General Guidelines
At a minimum, the
following items are considered in the preparation and execution of work on
electronic equipment. They are starting points in preparing for work and for
avoiding electrical hazards.
7.3.1
Whenever possible work with equipment de-energized.
7.3.2
Always work at the lowest Class and Mode consistent with
accomplishing the work.
7.3.3
Be sure you have the latest documentation and understand the
current work rules.
7.3.4
Review the latest documentation and work rules before beginning
work.
7.3.5
Be sure all test equipment is in good working condition and is
rated for the testing to be done.
7.3.6
Observe all locks and tags, warning signs, and labels on equipment
being serviced.
7.3.7
Know and apply the Limited and Restricted shock approach
boundaries and the arc flash boundary when performing work on energized
equipment.
7.3.8
Make no modifications to equipment unless you are qualified and
authorized. For more information see ES&H
Manual Chapter 6230 Electrical Safety Manual- Appendices
7.3.9
Maintain safe distances from exposed electrical wiring unless
required to approach to accomplish work.
7.3.10 Recognize that
equipment combining high voltage (>10kV) and vacuum may be a source of
X-rays.
7.3.11 When practicable,
follow the best practices of having your work checked by another qualified person before restoring
equipment to service.
7.3.12 Always bring suspected
hazards or off-normal situations to the attention of your supervisor. Work Planning and Execution
7.4
The following steps are followed when developing and executing a
work plan for electronic equipment. Not all steps are required for each job.
Applicability is based on the details of each specific job.
7.4.1
Identify task.
7.4.2
Determine equipment Class and work Mode
7.4.3
Determine worker qualification, and rules required for the task.
7.4.4
Verify worker qualifications then assign work.
7.4.5
Collect and review applicable Work Control Documents, equipment
documentation, lessons learned, and equipment specific procedures.
7.4.6
Identify approach boundaries as necessary for energized work.
7.4.7
Analyze all hazards and determine mitigation.
7.4.8
Determine personal protective
equipment (PPE) and other equipment requirements.
7.4.9
Develop work plan, and write Work Control Documents as necessary
7.4.10 Generate work
planning task list (ATLis, FEList, etc.).
7.4.11 Receive approval to do
the work.
7.4.12 Conduct pre-job
briefing/job walk-down.
7.4.13 Perform work as planned
remaining within the envelope of the work plan.
7.4.14 Check work prior to
re-energizing or restoring equipment.
7.4.15 Document work if
required.
7.4.16 Write lessons learned,
if applicable, and close task list.
8.0 References
8.1
NIOHS- 98-131- National Institute
for Occupational Health and Safety
8.2
NFPA 70E (2015) – Standards for Electrical Safety in the Workplace
8.3
NFPA 70 (2017) – National Electric Code
8.4
OSHA Regulation 29 CFR 1910
and 29 CFR 1926
8.5
DOE Handbook Electrical Safety
9.0 Revision Summary
Revision 1.0 07/12/2021 – Added information for OSPs.
Revision .01 01/20/2021 – Initial chapter. Approved by the Director and ES&H Director.
|
|
ISSUING
AUTHORITY |
TECHNICAL
POINT-OF-CONTACT |
APPROVAL
DATE |
REVIEW DATE |
REV. |
|
|
|
ES&H Division |
01/29/2021 |
01/29/2024 |
1.0 |
|
