|
accelerator: a device employing electrostatic or electromagnetic fields to impart kinetic energy to molecular, atomic or sub-atomic particles and capable of creating a radiological area |
|
accelerator safety envelope: a set of verifiable physical and administrative credited controls that define the bounding conditions for safe operation and address the accelerator facility hazards and risks |
|
access control system: engineered and/or administrative systems that limit radiation dose to personnel by managing and limiting entry to an area |
|
accidental exposure: unintended contact with a substance or change in the physical environment (e.g., radiation) resulting from an accident |
|
accountable sealed radioactive source: a sealed radioactive source having a half-life equal to or greater than 30 days and an isotopic activity equal to or greater than the corresponding value provided in Appendix E of 10 CFR 835 |
|
activated material: material that has been exposed to a radiation field capable of causing radio-activation and has been determined through process knowledge, survey and/or analysis (per approved procedures) to have radioactivity distinguishable from background |
|
administrative control: procedures and activities that involve human actions that are designed to minimize or control personnel radiation exposure (examples include radiological work permits and sweep procedures) |
|
administrative control (action) level: a numerical dose constraint established at a level below regulatory limits that administratively controls and helps reduce individual and collective dose; this level helps ensure that no person exceeds the Department of Energy limit. No one at Jefferson Lab may exceed this dose level without prior permission from the Radiation Control Department Manager and the Lab Director. |
|
airborne radioactivity: radioactive material dispersed in the air in the form of dusts, fumes, particulates, mists, vapors, or gases |
|
airborne radioactivity area: an area, accessible to individuals, where: the concentration of airborne radioactivity, above natural background, exceeds or is likely to exceed the derived air concentration (DAC) values listed in Appendix A or C of 10 CFR 835; or an individual present in the area without respiratory protection could receive an intake exceeding 12 DAC-hours in a week |
|
alert level (design goal): the cumulative annual exposure used for facility design purposes, and, when such a level is approached or exceeded, triggers a review of ALARA efforts in place for the affected individual(s) or population |
|
as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA): making every reasonable effort to maintain exposures to radiation as far below the dose limits as is practical, taking-into-account the state of technology and other societal and economic considerations, including the benefit of the radiation-producing activity |
|
assigned radiation monitor (ARM): a person who has received training - beyond the Radiation Worker I course - in the use of radiation protection instrumentation and administrative procedures for controlling exposure to radiation and handling of radioactive material |
