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  • EIC Center at Jefferson Lab

    The Electron-Ion Collider Center at Jefferson Lab (EIC2@JLab) is an organization to advance and promote the science program at a future electron-ion collider (EIC) facility. Particular emphasis is on the close connection of EIC science to the current Jefferson Lab 12 GeV CEBAF science program.   

    "EIC Center"At the heart of the atom are protons and neutrons. The characteristics and interactions of neutrons and protons, singly and collectively in the nuclei are responsible for how our cosmos developed and how our sun provides the heat that sustains the eco-system on earth. 

    While we have known for 50 years that protons and neutrons are made of quarks and gluons (represented in the figure to the left as spheres with arrows and springs, respectively), we are just beginning to learn how to image the structure and interactions inside protons and neutrons that are at the femto-scale, a million times smaller than the nano-scale of modern micro-electronics.

    Jefferson Lab has been at the forefront of this research; the current 12 GeV CEBAF program at JLab is world-leading in this science. The proposed Electron-Ion Collider will be the ultimate instrument for this new science: nuclear femtography.

     

     

    More detailed information about the Electron-Ion Collider can be found at the following links:

     

    NEWS:

    JLab News: Nuclear Science Advisory Committee Issues Plan for U.S. Nuclear Physics Research

    Featured Video
    Featured video caption
    Charting the Inner Structure of the Proton
    Slider
    Electron Scattering off the Proton Inside the Nucleus
    Electron Scattering off the Proton Inside the Nucleus
    Quarks and Gluons Inside Protons and Neutrons
    Quarks and Gluons Inside Protons and Neutrons
  • Status

    Status

    More information about the status of an electron-ion collider can be found in the documents linked below. In 2018, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine issued a report, “An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science.” Following the report, the directors of Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility and Brookhaven National Laboratory issued a joint statement of support. More information about the impetus for building an electron-ion collider can be found in the 2015 Long-Range Plan, issued by the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee..

     

  • Benefits

    Benefits

    Beyond sparking scientific discoveries in a new frontier of fundamental physics, an Electron-Ion Collider will trigger technological breakthroughs that have broad-ranging impacts on human health and national challenges. Research on the technologies needed to make this machine a reality is already pushing the evolution of magnets and other particle accelerator components. 
     
    Some of these advances could lead to energy-efficient accelerators, thereby dramatically shrinking the size and operating costs of accelerators used across science and industry for example, to make and test computer chips; to deliver energetic particle beams to zap cancer cells; to study and design improved sustainable energy technologies such as solar cells, batteries, and catalysts; and to develop new kinds of drugs and other medical treatments. New methods of particle detection developed for an EIC could also lead to advances in medical imaging and national security. 
     
    In truth, it’s nearly impossible to predict what will come from the knowledge gained from an EIC. History shows that applications springing from a deeper understanding of matter and fundamental forces things like GPS, microelectronics, and radiological techniques for diagnosing and treating disease often emerge many years after the foundational physics discoveries that make them possible. 
     
    But one thing is certain: Building the experiments that inspire and train the next generation of scientific explorers is essential for maintaining U.S. leadership in nuclear science and for developing the high-tech workforce needed to address some of our nation’s deepest challenges.

     

  • Design

    Design

    "Design"

    The Electron-Ion Collider would consist of two intersecting accelerators, one producing an intense beam of electrons, the other a beam of either protons or heavier atomic nuclei, which are then steered into head-on collisions.

    The accelerators will be designed so that both beams can be polarized to around 70 percent for electrons, protons and light nuclei. Electrons will be able to probe particles from protons to the heaviest stable nuclei at a very wide range of energies, starting from 20–100 billion electron-volts (GeV), upgradable to approximately 140 GeV, to produce images of the particles’ interiors at higher and higher resolution. At least one detector and possibly more would analyze thousands of particle collisions per second, amassing the data required to tease out the smallest effects required for significant discoveries.

    Building the EIC will require the same core expertise that led to the versatility of the polarized proton and heavy ion beams at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory, and the unique polarized electron beam properties of the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. These two Department of Energy laboratories have been collaborating on initial studies and developing designs that make use of key existing infrastructure and capitalize on investments in science and technology. Each design approach would require the development of innovative accelerator and detector technologies to answer the questions described in this brochure.

     

  • Goals

    Goals

    There are many scientific questions that researchers expect an Electron-Ion Collider will allow them to answer. Among them are four main topics of study. 

     

    3D Structure of Protons and Nuclei
    3D Structure of Protons and Nuclei
    Scientists would use the Electron-Ion Collider to take three-dimensional precision snapshots of the internal structure of protons and atomic nuclei. As they pierce through the larger particles, the high-energy electrons will interact with the internal microcosm to reveal unprecedented details—zooming in beyond the simplistic structure of three valence quarks bound by a mysterious force. Recent experiments indicate that gluons—the glue-like carriers of the strong nuclear force that binds quarks together—multiply and appear to linger within particles accelerated close to the speed of light, and play a significant role in establishing key properties of protons and nuclear matter. By taking images at a range of energies, an EIC will reveal features of this “ocean” of gluons and the “sea” of quark-antiquark pairs that form when gluons split—allowing scientists to map out the particles’ distribution and movement within protons and nuclei, similar to the way medical imaging technologies construct 3D dynamic images of the brain. These studies may help reveal how the energy of the massless gluons is transformed through Einstein’s famous equation, E=mc2, to generate most of the mass of visible matter.
    Solving the Mystery of Proton Spin
    Solving the Mystery of Proton Spin
    The Electron-Ion Collider would be the world’s first polarized electron-proton collider where both the electron and proton beams have their spins aligned in a controllable way. This polarization makes it possible to make precision measurements of how a proton’s constituent quarks and gluons and their interactions contribute to the proton’s intrinsic angular momentum, or spin. Spin influences the proton’s optical, electrical, and magnetic characteristics and makes technologies such as MRI scanning work, but its origin has eluded physicists ever since experiments in the 1980s revealed that quarks can account for only about a third of the total spin. More recent experiments show that gluons make a significant contribution, perhaps even more than the quarks. An Electron-Ion Collider would produce definitive measurements of the gluons’ contributions, including how their movements within the proton microcosm affect its overall spin structure—thus providing the final pieces needed to solve this longstanding puzzle.
    Search for Saturation
    Search for Saturation
    Capturing the dynamic action of gluons within protons and nuclei will give scientists a way to test their understanding of these particles’ ephemeral properties. As gluons flit in and out of the vacuum, multiplying and recombining, scientists suspect they may reach a steady state of saturation called a “color glass condensate.” This unique form of nuclear matter gets its name from the “color” charges that mediate the interactions of the strong nuclear force, and the dense, glasslike walls these particles are thought to form in nuclei accelerated to nearly the speed of light, seemingly suspended by the effects of time dilation. Scientists will use the Electron-Ion Collider to search for definitive proof of whether this form of matter exists, and test the limits of gluons’ ability to expand beyond the bounds of a single proton/ neutron inside a nucleus. They’ll also explore the mechanism that keeps gluon growth in check, like a lid clamping down on an overflowing popcorn pot. Precisely measuring the strength of the gluon fields, which constitute the strongest fields found in nature, will tell us how gluons interact with each other and how they contribute to building the bulk of visible matter in the universe today.
    Quark and Gluon Confinement
    Quark and Gluon Confinement
    Experiments at an EIC would offer novel insight into why quarks or gluons can never be observed in isolation, but must transform into and remain confined within protons and nuclei. The EIC—with its unique combinations of high beam energies and intensities—would cast fresh light into quark and gluon confinement, a key puzzle in the Standard Model of physics.
  • About

    About

    The Electron-Ion Collider is a proposed machine for delving deeper than ever before into the building blocks of matter, so that we may better understand the matter within us and its role in the universe around us.

    Learn more about this first-of-its-kind machine in the documents linked below.

     

  • Creative Energy. Supercharged with Science.

    Accelerate your career with a new role at the nation's newest national laboratory. Here you can be part of a team exploring the building blocks of matter and lay the ground work for scientific discoveries that will reshape our understanding of the atomic nucleus. Join a community with a common purpose of solving the most challenging scientific and engineering problems of our time.

     

    Title Job ID Category Date Posted
    Electrical Engineer (Sustainability) 13364 Engineering
    HPDF Project Director 13373 Computer
    Radiation Control Technician 13391 Technology
    MPGD Development Physicist 13381 Science
    Fusion Project Technician 13389 Misc./Trades
    DC Power Group Leader 13380 Engineering
    Data Center Operations Manager 13327 Engineering
    RadCon Manager 13337 Environmental Safety
    Magnet Group Mechanical/Electrical Designer 13388 Misc./Trades
    Project Services and Support Office Manager 13330 Management
    SRF Accelerator Physicist 13359 Science
    Accelerator Operator 13291 Technology
    IT Project Manager 13340 Clerical/Admin
    Communications Office Student Intern 13310 Public Relations
    Deputy CNI Manager 13378 Computer
    ES&H Department Head 13338 Engineering
    Software Administrator/Analyst 13392 Computer
    CIS Postdoctoral Fellow 13102 Science
    Magnet Group Staff Engineer 13370 Engineering
    MIS Application Server Administrator 13394 Computer
    Hall A Technologist/Design Drafter 13285 Engineering
    Scientific Data and Computing Department Head 13383 Computer
    Vacuum Engineer 13396 Engineering
    Lead Magnet Engineer 13366 Engineering
    DC Power Systems Electrical Engineer 13371 Engineering
    Storage Solutions Architect 13238 Computer
    Master HVAC Technician 13367 Misc./Trades
    Network Engineer I 13345 Computer
    Administrative Assistant - Electron Ion Collider Project 13375 Clerical/Admin
    ServiceNow Developer 13393 Computer
    Project Controls Analyst 13302 Clerical/Admin
    Mechanical Engineer III 13140 Engineering
    Survey & Alignment Technician (Metrology) 13385 Misc./Trades
    Geant4 Developer 13214 Computer
    ES&H Inspection Program Lead 13323 Environmental Safety
    High Throughput Computing (HTC) Hardware Engineer 13197 Computer
    Multimedia Intern 13215 Public Relations

    A career at Jefferson Lab is more than a job. You will be part of “big science” and work alongside top scientists and engineers from around the world unlocking the secrets of our visible universe. Managed by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC; Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility is entering an exciting period of mission growth and is seeking new team members ready to apply their skills and passion to have an impact. You could call it work, or you could call it a mission. We call it a challenge. We do things that will change the world.

    Welcome from Stuart Henderson, Lab Director
    Why choose Jefferson Lab
    • PASSION AND PURPOSE
      Middle School Science Bowl competitors huddle together to brainstorm the answer.
    • PASSION AND PURPOSE
      Local teachers share ideas for a classroom activity with other teachers during Teacher Night.
    • PASSION AND PURPOSE
      Two young learners hold up a model of the atom during Deaf Science Camp.
    • PASSION AND PURPOSE
      Staff Scientist Douglas Higinbotham snaps a selfie with some of the postdoc students he is mentoring.

    At Jefferson Lab we believe in giving back to our community and encouraging the next generation of scientists and engineers. Our staff reaches out to students to advance awareness and appreciation of the range of research carried out within the DOE national laboratory system, to increase interest in STEM careers for women and minorities, and to encourage everyone to become a part of the next-generation STEM workforce. We are recognized for our innovative programs like:

    • 1,500 students from 15 Title I schools engage in the Becoming Enthusiastic About Math and Science (BEAMS) program at the lab each school year.

    • 60 teachers are enrolled in the Jefferson Science Associates Activities for Teachers (JSAT) program at the lab inspiring 9,000 students annually.

    • 24 high school students have internships and 34 college students have mentorships at the lab.

       

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    Meet our people
    • Crash my Desk: Amitoj Singh – Computer Scientist

      Jefferson Lab’s diverse workforce is its strength, with a staff that includes technicians, computer scientists, engineers, physicists and support personnel, as well as nearly 1,700 scientific users who contribute to delivering the lab’s scientific mission. In this new series, Jefferson Lab is introducing our readers to the people and places who make possible its groundbreaking science.

      In this series, Jefferson Lab introduces our readers to the places where groundbreaking scientific experiments are developed and studied—our scientists’ own workspaces.

       

       

      First-generation Immigrant Brings Home Office to Hampton

      When asked to show off his workspace for this article, Computer Scientist Amitoj Singh had just moved with his family from Illinois, where he worked at Fermilab, to his home in Hampton—closer to his new job at Jefferson Lab.

      “I just finished getting my home office set up last weekend,” Singh laughed when asked to showcase his desk. “But this desk is always this tidy. One of the traits of my personality is undiagnosed Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Since my marriage and since I’ve had two kids, I’ve become very relaxed. A mess doesn’t give me anxiety anymore, but I do like to have a tidy desk. I’m more productive.”

      Join us as we take a tour of Singh’s home office workspace and hear in his own words about the items he keeps close by:

      1. The video game driving apparatus. During the pandemic, given that all of us were sheltering at home, for my own sanity I decided to upgrade my personal desktop computer, and I wanted to build it myself. First, I assembled it and then I thought, “Wouldn’t it be cool if I got 4K graphics on it?” So, I installed a gaming video card that was initially for 4k graphics and then my mind said, “Wouldn’t it be cool to try to play games on this gaming card?”

      I played a few games. I like racing games and I involved my son, too, and we were both doing this together, so I went and bought a gaming wheel and that was a lot of fun. It came with pedals, and there was a brake, accelerator and clutch. We would play on a hardwood floor and it would slide, so then I bought a frame. What you see in the photo is the completed version of our anti-slide, gaming invention. There’s a frame and pedals, and on weekends, we play racing games.

      It’s about four feet tall, and it’s adjustable for my height and my son’s height. My father was a mechanical engineer. Growing up, he was a role model to me and was always explaining how things work. I share a passion for cars with my son. During our one-on-one talks, he might ask how the engine works or brake works, and I’m able to tell him because I learned from my father.

      I’m a mechanical engineer at heart. I like to seek out knowledge on how things work and so does my son. We like watching shows on how things are made—like how bridges built and how oil rigs work. All through my life, I’ve had this inquisitiveness to know how things work.

      2. Apple Airpod Max Pro headphones. I bought these because right now I’m remote-working and I need something that’s reliable and of a good quality to hear my colleagues during meetings—even when my kids are playing nearby. I also love music, and having these is like having high-end speakers.

      3. Bataviapoly. Before moving to Virginia to work at Jefferson Lab, we lived in a place called Batavia in Illinois. I found this Monopoly game that is based on the local city. It has Batavia street names, the fire department, and it even has Fermilab, my previous employer. As a family, we love to play Monopoly, and this reminds of all the places we’ve been. 

      4. Lens wipes for my glasses. That’s my eyeglass case next to the bottle.

      5. Beer bottle filled with sand. Several years ago, my wife and I went to Cancun, Mexico. On the last day, the ocean was amazing—no offense to Buckroe Beach in Hampton. The water was crystal clear and as soon as you stepped into the water you could see all the way to the bottom. All I wanted to do was sit at the beach and do nothing and I thought, “If only I could take a piece of Cancun with me. Why not just put sand inside this bottle I’m drinking?” And I did. I keep it on my desk just to look at the bottle, and I dream up memories of myself hearing the waves splashing and seeing the clear blue water.

      6. The desktop background photo on my computer was taken in Leadville, Colorado. It’s the tallest peak in Colorado. The person on the left, that is Don Holmgren. We worked together until 2014 when he retired. He said he was going to retire in Colorado. He and his wife found a house in Leadville up in the mountains, and my family and I went to go visit. It was great for me to meet with him and see him in person. He’s had a big positive impact on my life. He hired me at Fermilab in 2002 when I just came out of college at the University of Houston. He’s been my mentor, a good friend and an amazing boss.

      He’s into astronomy, as well. In his backyard, he has one of those huge telescopes. At night, he showed us galaxies and planets, and my son was in awe.

      7. Model car of a Le Mans Fifth Generation Corvette. I’m into race cars, and my favorites are Corvettes. I love American muscle cars. With Corvettes, they have generations for new designs. This model is of a fifth generation. We are now in the eighth generation of the Corvette. This model is a racing version of the fifth generation street Corvette.

      There’s a famous racing competition called Le Mans. It’s a 24-hour race, and it’s very old. Most cars are Lamborghini, Aston Martin, Lexus…basically anyone who makes a sports car. The rules for the race are that you have to use the same engine from the street version of the car (the version you might sell to consumers), but you’re allowed to make modifications to the outside of the car.

      Then you have to race that car for 24 hours. You can change drivers and have pit stops. Your car has to survive 24 hours going between 100 and 200 miles-per-hour.

      So that model car is a Le Mans version of a fifth generation Corvette that has side exhaust pipes and is made of carbon fiber. I used to own a fifth generation Corvette. Now I drive a Honda Odyssey minivan because I have kids and a dog (*Laughs*).

      8. Books. The top book is, “Parallel Programming with MPI” by Peter Pacheco. MPI stands for, “Message Passing Interface,” which is a programming language. The other book is “Computer Networks and Internets” by Douglas Comer. The reason I keep that book is because in your life, sometimes you have an incredible teacher where others may fade into memory. As a graduate at the University of Houston, I had a professor who was a student of Ken Kennedy. In the world of high-performance computing, people know about Kennedy. Everyone looked forward to my professor’s class. He gave out copies of this book to all of his students. Everything I learned in his class in 1999 still applies, and it’s a book I cherish and I do reference it.

      Not seen, but felt daily in his work at the lab: I also want to say that I am a first-generation immigrant from North India who is living the example of the American dream.

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    The Jefferson Lab campus is located in southeastern Virginia amidst a vibrant and growing technology community with deep historical roots that date back to the founding of our nation. Staff members can live on or near the waterways of the Chesapeake Bay region or find peace in the deeply wooded coastal plain. You will have easy access to nearby beaches, mountains, and all major metropolitan centers along the United States east coast.

    To learn more about the region and its museums, wineries, parks, zoos and more, visit the Virginia tourism page, Virginia is for Lovers

    To learn more about life at Jefferson Lab, click here.

     

    We support our inventors! The lab provides resources to employees for the development of patented technology -- with over 180 awarded to date! Those looking to obtain patent coverage for their newly developed technologies and inventions while working at the lab are supported and mentored by technology experts, from its discovery to its applied commercialization, including opportunities for monetary awards and royalty sharing. Learn more about our patents and technologies here.

    • Jianwei Qiu
      Jianwei Qiu
      Associate Director For Theoretical And Computational Physics

      "My own research enables me to better lead the Theory Center, to lead our collaboration, to provide good guidance to our junior researchers on the team, and to provide valuable input to the advisory and review committees that I serve"

    • Ron Lassiter
      Ron Lassiter
      Mechanical Designer

      “Here at the lab you get to see what you’ve worked on. You can hold it in your hands. It’s rewarding to know that you’ve played a part in helping the machine to be successful.”

    • Scott Conley
      Scott Conley
      Environmental Management Team

      "There is world-class research going on here. Any given day you can be in the room with genius physicists and that’s just amazing.”

    • Kim Edwards
      Kim Edwards
      IT Division/Information Resource

      "When I’m 95 years old, I hope I will be one of those people who worked in the background to affect other people’s lives for the better."

    • Holly Szumila-Vance
      Holly Szumila-Vance
      Staff Scientist

      "Today, we use a lot of those same teamwork traits [learned from the military] on a daily basis as we're all working toward similar goals here at the lab in better understanding nuclei!"

    Jefferson Science Associates, LLC manages and operates the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. Jefferson Science Associates/Jefferson Lab is an Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action Employer and does not discriminate in hiring or employment on the basis of race, color, religion, ethnicity, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, ancestry, age, disability, or veteran status or on any other basis prohibited by federal, state, or local law.

    If you need a reasonable accommodation for any part of the employment process, please send an e-mail to recruiting @jlab.org or call (757) 269-7100 between 8 am – 5 pm EST to provide the nature of your request.

    "Proud V3-Certified Company"

    A Proud V3-Certified Company
    JSA/Jefferson Lab values the skills, experience and expertise veterans can offer due to the myriad of experiences, skill sets and knowledge service members achieve during their years of service. The organization is committed to recruiting, hiring, training and retaining veterans, and its ongoing efforts has earned JSA/Jefferson Lab the Virginia Values Veterans (V3) certification, awarded by the Commonwealth of Virginia.